Tekst źródłowy strony Introduction 2 - Description of the Scratch environment

<p align="center">[[Plik:Logo_Mistrzowie.png]]</p>
<b><p align="center">Scenarios dedicated to primary school learners, 4th - 6th grade (basic level) These  materials  have  been  developed  by  Ośrodek  Edukacji  Informatycznej i  Zastosowań  Komputerów  (Centre  for  Information  Technology  Education and  Application of  Computers)  in  Warsaw  as  part  of  the  “Mistrzowie Kodowania” (“Coding Masters”). Programme funded by Samsung Electronics Polska, licensed under CC BY-SA “Attribution – Share Alike 3.0”.</p></b><br/>
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== Description of the Scratch environment ==

The Scratch environment is used to create interactive stories, games, animations and images using script built with ready-to-use blocks. In 2013 a new version (Scratch 2.0) was released, available foruse  at '''http://scratch.mit.edu'''.  It is  not  necessary  to  install the programme,  but access  to  the Internet is needed.<br />
Since  September 2013 an off-line version has also been  available, which can be run on the user’s computer  with  no  network  connection.  The  two  versions  are  very  similar.  The  web  version  is described in detail in this document. The description was completed in September 2013, so changes and improvements should be taken into account.<br />
=== Home page and menu === 
We open our browser and type in the address bar: '''http://scratch.mit.edu'''.<br />

<p align="center">[[Plik:1eng5.JPG]]</p>  

The home page of the programme is displayed. The top blue menu bar includes:  
* '''Scratch''' – go to the home page (this is where we are);  • Create – access to the project editor;  
* '''Explore''' – access to sets of projects developed by Scratch users;  
* '''Discuss''' – access to a page containing Scratch users’ discussion forums;  
* '''Help''' –  access  to  a  number  of  auxiliary  materials  in  English,  and  information on  the latest versions of the programme;  
* '''Search box''' – can be used to search projects, users and studies;  
* '''Join Scratch''' – sing up for a new user account;   
* '''Sign in''' – opens a sign in window (for users who already have an account).<br />

=== Web browser Scratch 2.0 environment – main menu ===

When we click '''Create''' on the Scratch home page a project creation window opens. The project window consists of several items. The grey bar at the top contains a menu. On the left there is a stage on which sprites perform scripts. Underneath there is a sprite panel. The right side is taken up by a panel of resources where we can create scripts, costumes and sounds.<br />

<p align="center">[[Plik:1eng6.JPG]]</p><br />

The '''Scratch menu''' consists of the following items (from left to right):<br />

<p align="center">[[Plik:1eng7.JPG]]</p><br />

'''Scratch logo''' – access to the Scratch home page (the starting page)<br />
'''Globe''' – choice of the language used in the environment<br />
[[Plik:1eng8.JPG]]<br />

'''File''' – saving and opening projects:  
* '''New''' – creating a new project  
* '''Save  now''' –  saving  on  the  web  page  (saving  also  takes  place automatically at a certain interval) 
* '''Save as copy''' – saving on the web page under a new name  
* '''Go to My stuff''' – opening a list of the user’s projects  
* '''Upload from your computer''' – opening a project from the disk 
* '''Download to your computer''' – saving a project to the disk 
* '''Restore''' – loading the last open version of the project (if we want to discard changes made in the project)<br />

Project save and read options (Save, Save As, Go to My stuff) are available for signed-up users only.<br />
'''Edit''' – allows us to use the following options:
<ul>
<li> '''delete''' – delete objects  </li>
<li> '''Small stage layout''' – reduce the stage size and enlarge the resources panel (scripts ...), </li>
<li> '''Turbo mode''' – accelerate the execution of scripts.</li></ul><br />
<p align="center">[[Plik:1eng9.JPG]]</p><br />
'''Tips''' – displaying  the help window (which opens on the right)<br />
'''Picture menu''' – selecting a picture will attach a tool to the cursor, we click the cursor on an object to perform an operation on it:<br />

[[Plik:1eng10.JPG]]<br />

* '''Stamp''' – Duplicate – duplication of an object (sprite, script ...)
* '''Scissors''' – Delete – deletion of an object  
* '''Arrows out''' – Grow – zooming in on an object (the more clicks on an object, the more the object grows)  
* '''Arrows in''' – Reduce – reduction of an object   
* '''Question mark''' – Help regarding a block – clicking on an object opens a help window for the object (not just the block)<br />

When we sign in, the right side of the menu contains the following items:<br />
[[Plik:1eng11.JPG]]<br />
* '''Saved''' – indicates that the current project status is saved on the web page<br /> 
* '''Folder with the letter S''' – access to a list of the user’s projects (My Stuff) 
* '''Username''' – drop-down menu allowing us to: <br />
** Profile – access modifications to user details<br />
**  My Stuff – access to a list of the user’s projects 
** Account settings – access to modifications of account settings 
** Sign out – sign out (without closing the programme)<br />
Two additional buttons under the menus cause the following:<br />

[[Plik:1eng12.JPG]]<br />

'''Share''' – access to a project description page which also saves the project and shares it with other users<br />
'''See the project page''' – access to a project description page where we can add instructions (Instructions) on how to use the project as well as notes and acknowledgments (Notes and Credits)  <br />
If we are not signed on, the right side of the menu contains only the option '''Sign in'''. <br />

=== Web browser Scratch 2.0 environment – the stage ===
The stage is a window in which the project is implemented. This is where sprites execute scripts.
<p align="center">[[Plik:1eng13.JPG]]</p>

=== Web browser Scratch 2.0 environment – the sprite panel ===
The sprite panel contains information on all sprites placed in the project. Here we can create a new sprite. We can also select (click) the stage and set its background.  

<p align="center">[[Plik:1eng14.JPG]]</p> 

When we click the blue circle with the letter “i” in the upper left hand corner of the sprite image we can see information about the sprite’s properties:<br />
• name window – we can change the name of the sprite<br /> 
• x, y – current coordinates of the sprite on the stage<br />  
• sprite movement direction (we can change it by pulling the blue line)<br />   
• rotation style:in a circle – that is any rotation, horizontally – rotation only to the right and to the left dot – no rotation<br />   
• can drag in player – when we select the square we will be able to drag the sprite with the maximized stage site (i.e. in the player)<br />   
• show – after unchecking the square the sprite will be hidden (the same is done by the hide block)<br />

=== Web browser Scratch 2.0 environment – the resource panel ===
This part of the environment shows the resources of a selected object – sprite or stage. Resources include: scripts, costumes and sounds. We select them by clicking the appropriate tab.<br />
===Sprite scripts ===
In the new Scratch version (2.0) there are 10 groups of blocks with which we build sprite scripts. Each sprite may have different scripts.   Scripts are built by dragging blocks from the '''tray''' to the right side – to the '''scripts window'''. A block can be removed by dragging it outside this window.  A block can be made by clicking on it both in the tray and in the scripts window. A block or script being executed has a yellow border.   Some blocks have windows which can be filled in (with numbers, text, or by selecting values).

<p align="center">[[Plik:1eng4.JPG]]</p><br /><br />

===Sprite costumes===
When  we  select  the  tab costume1,  we  can  change  sprite  costumes,  i.e.  sprite  pictures.  The  tray contains all of the sprite’s costumes. The panel on the right side is now a graphics editor where we  can create or change a costume.  The editor can work in two versions: vector (Vector mode) or bitmap (bitmap mode). The latter is a Paint style editor.  Just like in the script panel, here we can choose a new costume. It will be added as another sprite costume. To delete a costume we need to choose one from the tray and click the “x” in the right upper hand corner of the picture. 

<p align="center">[[Plik:1eng1.JPG]]</p><br /><br />

===Sounds ===
After we select the Sounds tab we can change and add sounds for a sprite. We have the option to add new sounds and process them. <br />
<p align="center">[[Plik:1eng2.JPG]]</p><br />
===All Scratch blocks===
[[Plik:1eng3motion.JPG]]<br />
[[Plik:1eng3looks.JPG]]<br />
[[Plik:1eng3sounds.JPG]]<br />
[[Plik:1eng3pen.JPG]]<br />
[[Plik:1eng3sounds.JPG]]<br />
[[Plik:1eng3events.JPG]]<br />
[[Plik:1eng3control.JPG]]<br />
[[Plik:1eng3sensing.JPG]]<br />
[[Plik:1eng3operators.JPG]]<br />
[[Plik:1eng3more.JPG]]<br />